This paper is a review of a journal titled Probabilistic landslide hazards and risk mapping on Penang Island, Malaysia compiled by Saro Lee and Biswajeet Pradhan. The author is an expert in the field of disaster. Saro Lee is a staff expert at Geoscience Information Center, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) 30, Kajung-Dong, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, Korea. Biswajeet Pradhan is an expert staff in Cilix Corporation, Lot L4-I-6, Level 4, Enterprise 4, Technology Park Malaysia, Bukit Jalil Highway, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Landslides are a natural event which at this time the frequency of occurrence is increasing. These natural phenomena turned into a landslide disasters when the landslide cause the victim in the form of loss of life or loss of property and human culture results.Malaysia is one country that has a high frequency of occurrence of landslides. Common location is penang island. The landslide disaster occurs mostly on steep slopes or in areas along the highway in mountainous areas. Some of these landslides occur near high-rise apartments and in residential areas.Incompatible land uses and high intensity of human activities in the land-use change will heighten the level of risk in areas prone to landslides. This situation just kept going because of the low level of skills possessed by the public and the government in addition to weak law enforcement to control the development and growth in the region is prone to landslides. The existence of soil instability in a region that can give the effect varies depending on the nature, large and range from the landslide area. Loss or impact resulting from landslides is physical damage (home residents, as well as infrastructure). More widely, the physical damage then disruption of socio-economic activities of the community.
Actually, have been performed an effort minimize the landslide by the Government of Malaysia but the landslide is still happening. Previous an effort to reduce landslide risk undertaken by the government is the management of avalanche terrain, construction of protective structures or monitoring and warning systems. This is due to the unavailability of data on "how landslides that occurred" and "where the landslide occurred". Therefore, the identification and analysis carried step further. In the journal, noted that the purpose of identification and analysis is performed to study the action that occurs landslide hazards and risks that caused the disaster area in Penang Island.The output of the analysis carried out is a form of areas at risk of landslides. By knowing the area and then will be efforts to reduce landslide damage by using an effective emergency preparedness plan.
In the process of identifying and analyzing the landslide hazardusing GeographicInformation System (GIS) and remote sensing data and consider the parameters / factors that form the basis of: topography, drainage, geological conditions, land use, soil, rainfall, and vegetation.
There are three steps in the analysis of landslide hazards: vulnerability, hazard and risk. In the journal has been mentioned that, vulnerability, hazard and risk analysis has been done. It is possible to predict the landslide when combined with hydrological models can lead to more accurate analysis. Landslide risk can also be calculated when taking into account the potential vulnerability of homes and buildings.Landslide Vulnerability factors were analyzed using a probability model of landslide using frequency ratio. The results of the analysis are verified using the landslide location data and compared with the probabilistic model. Observed accuracy is 80.03%. Qualitative analysis was performed using landslide hazard ratio models through frequency map overlay analysis in a GIS environment. The accuracy of the hazard map is 86.41%. Furthermore, risk analysis carried by studying maps of landslide hazard and risk areas.The landslide hazard map was overlaid on thesettlement map to produce the landslide riskmap. These results can be used as basic data toassist slope management and landuse planning.
In the journal Probabilistic landslide hazards and risk mapping on Penang Island, Malaysia can be concluded that the landslide, it is difficult to predict.However, basically by knowing the areas at risk of landslides will facilitate the mitigation process. Through the analysis results in the form of maps and areas prone to landslides will then maketh a basis for decision making for the Malaysian government stakeholders.This decision is usually in the form of an effort in combating both structural and non-structural. Structural an effort technically / physically like construction - construction of landslide prevention facilities, etc.. While non-strukturan more to the formation ofspecific policies and with the active participation of the community in prevention efforts.
Probabilistic Landslide Hazards and Risk Mapping on Penang Island, Malaysia
(on J. Earth Syst. Sci. 115, No. 6, December 2006, pp. 661–672)
(Words on a Review: 672) - Mukhammad Arief
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